1. Diodes Function: A diode provides unidirectional current flow, enabling rectification, protection against reverse voltage, and fast switching in many circuits. Key benefits: Blocks reverse voltage to protect components Enables efficient rectification in power supplies Available in multiple sizes and packages to fit board space and assembly processes Semiconductor materials such as silicon and specialized types for different needs Options include low forward voltage drop, fast switching, and surge capability Compatibility and form factors: Suitable for standard PCB work, with through hole and surface mount variants Wide voltage and current ranges to match different applications RoHScompliant variants available Size and material: Ranges from compact to larger packages to fit thermal and space requirements Built from silicon or other semiconductor materials, including fast recovery and Schottky styles Performance: Forward voltage and leakage characteristics chosen for efficiency and reliability Switching speed and reverse recovery appropriate for the target circuit Temperature range suitable for typical environments Use scenarios: Power supply rectification in low to mid power applications Reverse polarity protection in battery or power connections Signal processing and protection in communication or control circuits Selection guidance: Compare reverse voltage rating to system maximum Choose current rating based on expected load and peaks Consider package, thermal dissipation, and operating temperature