This open access book is the first to provide an analysis of the Dutch paper industry over a period encompassing six centuries. Responding to a trend of renewed scholarly interest in paper industries and production the book seeks to illuminate the factors behind this relatively small national industrys centurieslong survival.Previous historical research has shown that sets of colonial trade merchant and family networks tightly interwoven through a dense web of capital were crucial for paper production and trade in early modern Europe. This book situates the Dutch paper industry within these overlapping contexts and their shifting dynamics over time and historicizes the challenges and obstacles it had to overcome through four phases of capitalism the rise of Dutch capitalism 15801815 Dutch monarchic liberalism 18151914 Fordism 19141980 and postFordism 1980 until now.